Cardiovascular Physiology
Understanding cardiac anatomy, physiology, haemodynamics, and cardiovascular pathophysiology.
Preoperative Cardiac Assessment
Comprehensive evaluation and risk assessment for cardiac surgical patients.
Cardiac Anaesthesia Techniques
General anaesthesia, regional techniques, induction, maintenance, and emergence in cardiac surgery.
Haemodynamic Monitoring
Advanced invasive monitoring including arterial lines, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery catheterization, and cardiac output monitoring.
Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE)
Basics of TEE interpretation for intraoperative cardiac assessment and decision-making.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Management
Understanding CPB principles, anticoagulation, myocardial protection, and perfusion strategies.
Postoperative Cardiac Critical Care
Management of ventilation, haemodynamic stability, pain control, and ICU care following cardiac surgery.
Emergency Cardiac Anaesthesia
Management of cardiac emergencies, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, massive bleeding, and perioperative complications.