Welcome to your Anaesthesia For Orthopedic Surgeey
1.
In a patient undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery, which of the following is the most appropriate anesthetic technique for achieving surgical anesthesia while minimizing systemic effects?
2.
A patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty is at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after spinal anesthesia. Which of the following strategies is the most effective in preventing PONV in this patient?
3.
Which of the following is the primary contraindication for spinal anesthesia in orthopedic procedures?
4.
During a femoral nerve block for knee surgery, what is the primary advantage of adding epinephrine to the local anesthetic?
5.
What is the most common side effect of femoral nerve blocks in orthopedic surgery?
6.
During a total hip arthroplasty, a combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) technique is used. What is the primary advantage of using CSEA over spinal anesthesia alone?
7.
A 70-year-old patient with severe osteoarthritis is undergoing hip surgery. What is the preferred anesthetic technique in this patient to avoid complications of general anesthesia?
8.
A patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty requires intraoperative anesthesia. Which of the following techniques is most appropriate for achieving complete muscle relaxation while avoiding excessive systemic drug absorption?
9.
Which of the following is a major advantage of regional anesthesia (e.g., nerve blocks) in orthopedic surgery compared to general anesthesia?
10.
What is the most serious potential complication of a brachial plexus block in orthopedic upper extremity surgery?
11.
In a patient undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty, which regional technique is often used to ensure adequate postoperative analgesia without significant motor blockade?
12.
During a hip replacement surgery under epidural anesthesia, the patient develops hypotension. Which intervention is most appropriate to treat this complication?
13.
A 45-year-old male with chronic low back pain is undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Which of the following is the most appropriate anesthetic technique to provide adequate analgesia and muscle relaxation?
14.
What is the most common side effect of epidural anesthesia in orthopedic patients undergoing lower limb surgery?
15.
A patient undergoing total hip replacement develops nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia. Which of the following drugs is most likely to help in preventing PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting) in this patient?
16.
During a total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia, the patient experiences unilateral leg weakness. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this complication?
17.
Which of the following statements regarding regional anesthesia techniques for orthopedic procedures is false?
18.
A 60-year-old male with severe osteoarthritis is undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. After the procedure, the patient reports difficulty urinating and has a distended bladder. What is the likely cause of this complication?
19.
Which of the following is the primary disadvantage of using general anesthesia for an orthopedic procedure in a high-risk patient?
20.
A 55-year-old patient undergoing total hip replacement has a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following anesthetic techniques would minimize respiratory complications in this patient?
21.
During an orthopedic procedure, the use of high-dose steroids is often considered for reducing inflammation and postoperative pain. Which of the following is the most common side effect of high-dose steroid therapy in orthopedic patients?
22.
Which of the following is a major advantage of epidural anesthesia in knee surgery compared to spinal anesthesia?
23.
A 75-year-old male patient undergoing hip replacement surgery under spinal anesthesia develops severe bradycardia during the procedure. What is the most appropriate immediate management?
24.
Which of the following is the most appropriate anesthesia technique for a hip fracture in a geriatric patient who is hemodynamically unstable?
25.
In patients undergoing orthopedic procedures, which of the following is the most appropriate method to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
26.
Which of the following is the preferred anesthetic technique for an upper limb fracture surgery in an elderly patient with significant comorbidities?
27.
A patient undergoing knee arthroscopy under general anesthesia develops hyperkalemia and muscle weakness. Which of the following drugs is most likely responsible for this complication?
28.
Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with epidural anesthesia in orthopedic procedures?
29.
In regional anesthesia, what is the primary advantage of continuous nerve blocks (e.g., epidural catheter or peripheral nerve catheter)?
30.
A patient undergoing hip replacement surgery under spinal anesthesia develops severe hypotension and bradycardia. Which of the following interventions should be initiated first?
31.
A 65-year-old patient undergoing total knee replacement under epidural anesthesia reports feeling cold and shivering during the procedure. What is the most likely cause of this symptom?
32.
Which of the following is the most appropriate anesthetic technique for fracture fixation in a patient with severe obesity (BMI 40 kg/m²)?
33.
Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia?
34.
A patient undergoing shoulder surgery under interscalene block develops respiratory depression after receiving sedation. What is the most likely cause of this complication?
35.
During a fracture repair under general anesthesia, a patient develops malignant hyperthermia after administration of succinylcholine. Which of the following is the most appropriate first step in management?
36.
A patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty develops hypotension, tachycardia, and shortness of breath shortly after the surgeon begins to inject bone cement into the femoral component. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
37.
Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with patient positioning during spinal surgery?
38.
A patient undergoing knee replacement surgery under spinal anesthesia is positioned in lithotomy. What is the most important complication to monitor in this position?
39.
Which of the following is the most common complication of general anesthesia during total knee replacement surgery?
40.
A patient undergoing hip replacement surgery develops respiratory distress and hypotension shortly after administration of bone cement. What is the immediate treatment of choice?
41.
During a total hip replacement surgery, a patient in the lateral decubitus position develops unilateral weakness in the lower limb. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this complication?
42.
A patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty develops fat embolism syndrome (FES) after the procedure. Which of the following is the most characteristic finding in FES?
43.
A patient undergoing knee arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia develops numbness and weakness in the lower limb. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this complication?
44.
A patient undergoing total knee replacement develops significant blood loss during surgery. What is the most appropriate next step in managing this complication?
45.
A 70-year-old patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia develops back pain and lower limb weakness shortly after the procedure. Which of the following complications is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
46.
A 55-year-old male undergoing total hip replacement under general anesthesia develops severe hypotension after the administration of bone cement. Which of the following is the most likely pathophysiological mechanism behind this event?
47.
A patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty develops severe back pain and lower limb paralysis immediately after receiving spinal anesthesia. What is the most likely cause of this complication?
48.
During a total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia, the patient's legs are positioned in lithotomy. Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with this position?
49.
A patient undergoing hip replacement surgery develops shortness of breath, hypoxia, and tachypnea during the bone cementing phase. What is the most appropriate treatment for these symptoms?
50.
A 70-year-old female is undergoing total hip replacement surgery in the lateral decubitus position under general anesthesia. Which of the following is the most likely complication due to prolonged positioning?
51.
A patient undergoing total hip replacement develops respiratory distress, tachycardia, and hypotension shortly after bone cement injection. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
52.
A patient undergoing total knee arthroplasty under regional anesthesia develops severe bradycardia during the procedure. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
53.
Vagal stimulation during the manipulation of the knee joint can result in bradycardia due to the activation of the vagus nerve. This is a well-known reflex in procedures involving the lower extremities, particularly when there is direct manipulation of the knee joint. Atropine may be used to counteract bradycardia if necessary.
54.
A patient undergoing hip replacement surgery under general anesthesia is positioned in prone position. Which of the following complications is most likely related to the positioning?
55.
A 45-year-old male undergoing total knee arthroplasty develops foot drop after surgery. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this complication?
56.
A patient undergoing total hip replacement develops hypotension and bradycardia after the administration of epidural anesthesia. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism behind this complication?
57.
A 40-year-old female undergoing C-section receives an epidural block. After the procedure, she experiences loss of sensation and motor weakness in the lower extremities, along with difficulty breathing. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
58.
During an epidural block for labor analgesia, a patient develops unilateral motor block. What is the most likely cause of this complication?
59.
Which of the following is the most common complication associated with epidural anesthesia?
60.
A patient is undergoing C-section under epidural anesthesia. She complains of a severe headache and neck stiffness following the procedure. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
61.
In a patient receiving epidural anesthesia for labor analgesia, a high epidural block occurs. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management step?
62.
A 25-year-old pregnant patient undergoing C-section under epidural anesthesia develops nausea, vomiting, and hypotension shortly after the block. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
63.
A 60-year-old male is receiving epidural anesthesia for hip surgery. After the procedure, he experiences back pain and weakness in the lower extremities. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
64.
A patient is receiving an epidural block for lower abdominal surgery. If the block spreads too high, which of the following is the most serious consequence?
